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3.7 上机实训一——绘制扳手零件图
本例通过绘制扳手零件的轮廓图,对本章重点知识进行综合练习和巩固应用。扳手零件的最终绘制效果如图3-82所示。操作步骤如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_325.jpg?sign=1739320591-URGfjjNqbmEM1JMO80JE5GGBDjfQd6eg-0-1fc7986549b13beaa82f6dbf51bec256)
图3-82 最终绘制效果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“新建”按钮
,快速创建公制单位的空白文件。
启用对象捕捉和对象捕捉追踪功能,并设置捕捉模式,如图3-83所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_329.jpg?sign=1739320591-YQzLlmLzeuR6Wk1YsNJRhf1pISA0ZdAC-0-efc5c6b73099771e2600983ac5d19a34)
图3-83 设置捕捉追踪
执行“中心缩放”命令,将当前的视窗高度调整为70,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_331.jpg?sign=1739320591-dt0m2ZsEwUyEG70mLUT6J5FcnxWeOdD3-0-7b41faaadaf8d4ba877675f90f32f548)
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制边长为6的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_334.jpg?sign=1739320591-GBXDNWTdA8Q3jiDerul4e9Lt6MYKprXs-0-b45223af60f2f4fd03a90e7f3a8e5112)
正八边形绘制结果如图3-84所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_335.jpg?sign=1739320591-GTecjIOx4PhJedLzfoEKbAOqb6v3C1Ea-0-e528aeca149b7935c408ddb76fa3cb82)
图3-84 正八边形绘制结果
使用快捷键C激活“圆”命令,以正八边形的中心点作为圆心,绘制直径为20的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_337.jpg?sign=1739320591-Tfd4JMCV3LTQLNCPru8LNrb7Cb6sfbcy-0-56d47a522b457f4f3b9d06f14d4e2287)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_338.jpg?sign=1739320591-0sCCwHKTDULO2N28T6yrejQ6bp39M5gb-0-49d225c5985410f23915db4090619506)
图3-85 引出追踪虚线
绘制结果如图3-86所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_339.jpg?sign=1739320591-bcmLEBaH7JdxvQ4YGYW8p5EAcFu8oDlQ-0-d35fb6ada80cea4e6428559dbb8d38ec)
图3-86 绘制结果
按Enter键,重复执行“圆”命令,配合“捕捉自”功能绘制两个直径为10的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_341.jpg?sign=1739320591-W7CachEGQM18cTDXmqV0JgGijtYCEmFW-0-9eed183add49d2e9a22b4b02f638d908)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_342.jpg?sign=1739320591-RDi44zPGXB9BUl2UH2PmviA3TjnCpaQM-0-651e98cd25ff3cd69e046249cc032955)
图3-87 “圆心、直径”画圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_343.jpg?sign=1739320591-D8g1oO62etV332ZUpIpEcBku9lE2UYtk-0-81a2b1c3484ae0a72489410f8493789b)
图3-88 绘制结果(1)
选择菜单栏中的“绘图”→“圆”→“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制与大圆和小圆都相切的圆,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_345.jpg?sign=1739320591-nfbObU2luft2jSOVC0CcGZvJHYbg7Mgs-0-407fd5057424647c05284c5587a82bf2)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_346.jpg?sign=1739320591-PsIPIKPqEZL81faIDeecvAhw9NYQbnCI-0-6b458d8b208c4fac1143f54fbb4b751d)
图3-89 拾取大圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_347.jpg?sign=1739320591-ByJcTwaevxu53nWU3NVvANQFiWfP8SsK-0-19dac64f32f1cd89a50981ad67693e89)
图3-90 拾取小圆
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_348.jpg?sign=1739320591-wckOmnX8Q3AUmBG3MWbvDCGBnuyf0E5Q-0-58699943e4f05ef0cba82dc4d75ddf4b)
图3-91 绘制结果(2)
重复执行“相切、相切、半径”命令,绘制上端的相切圆,相切圆半径为10,绘制结果如图3-92所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_350.jpg?sign=1739320591-hGzcjUGtGVlFcVWumDx9xuoJyfsU6MXr-0-6b5e92e1d5179dfa6fd16b8e88243479)
图3-92 绘制相切圆
选择菜单栏中的“修改”→“修剪”命令,以直径为20和直径为10的三个圆作为修剪边界,对两个相切圆进行修剪,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_352.jpg?sign=1739320591-lB4NgYXDLxOV2GkbcCwluvy78gUtFeBZ-0-3141946052d79b6396e67d607a09314d)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_353.jpg?sign=1739320591-clkYZAbWBXSiviwodj1GqElkjRIJulFt-0-98621bc990c243e1ea8657981e7bff99)
图3-93 选择修剪边界
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_354.jpg?sign=1739320591-b15NVoaOfdtGdmUd2HBUcCYeK4Ui5y7S-0-d5acc50011bfe94896b305dce99aaa04)
图3-94 修剪结果
在命令行输入Line并按Enter键,执行“直线”命令,配合切点捕捉功能绘制圆的公切线,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_356.jpg?sign=1739320591-lI36SE2zHOQ5oSBreelVSjmAtpLmrXUR-0-297e136bfa1f808e6bce834faad49c30)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_357.jpg?sign=1739320591-jbSHn4HbqJhEKiR02oMY4BCETmezZL24-0-8f96c93441adcefdd8308e6bf11dbfd7)
图3-95 捕捉切点(1)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_358.jpg?sign=1739320591-yNq9iWjbIfLPTFe4RCKC4e0BEPANrWlJ-0-dc36cd3f596b08e9a579f2037fb1a3d8)
图3-96 捕捉切点(2)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_359.jpg?sign=1739320591-ahBYOV9JR9VMMrU7IqhJzvYdRk0Gftql-0-9643fa71eae454252e93e1ded8eb1e02)
图3-97 绘制圆的公切线
重复执行第10步,绘制另外两圆的外公切线,结果如图3-98所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_361.jpg?sign=1739320591-IDdtcVUL0P5MixtJSYPDjOsDrEZAAXj1-0-47a4cb7413a5a71668c10d31dafb6aa0)
图3-98 绘制另外两圆的外公切线
单击“默认”选项卡→“绘图”面板→“正多边形”按钮
,执行“正多边形”命令,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,命令行操作如下。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_364.jpg?sign=1739320591-dZgheNSeu9O8B8fKBWynD23EF9PyPq4t-0-4a9f9417213c0c0186a50c14ddc26d74)
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_365.jpg?sign=1739320591-DBRdAVqGnRmScvFf317EllB4JRDsr0aD-0-aff30de8134cd583a21984437f345c82)
图3-99 绘制正八边形
重复执行第12步,以下侧小圆的圆心作为中心点,绘制外接圆半径为4的正八边形,绘制结果如图3-100所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_367.jpg?sign=1739320591-WB6p3OxfaelGlTyOtEW5QfEudv147Wva-0-a2797c94f8f2d650feb5ed416698bd1f)
图3-100 绘制结果
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“标注样式”命令,修改当前标注样式的圆心标记参数,如图3-101所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_369.jpg?sign=1739320591-EIrRgOGWfQUVzDRRk1dMwDKnZ4JSBSVG-0-0d0d2cc27bcfb10afa49180698b0fc7c)
图3-101 设置圆心标记参数
选择菜单栏中的“标注”→“圆心标记”命令,分别标注直径为20、10、10的三个圆的圆心标记,结果如图3-102所示。
![img](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/B1525C/20862583508966006/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/txt004_371.jpg?sign=1739320591-fw3Ybn6Yznnzb3tDBu0X45pEJhCkdF5x-0-b0252cf1995c625a79856c9fbd2eda06)
图3-102 标注结果
单击“快速访问”工具栏→“保存”按钮
,将图形另存为“上机实训一.dwg”。